Hops

Hops, a herbaceous climbing plant, belong botanically to the Cannabiaceae family. Common hops, also known as cultivated hops (Humulus lupulus), are grown primarily on tall trellises for beer brewing. The main growing regions in Germany are located in the Hallertau (Bavaria), in the Schussental valley between Tettnang and Ravensburg (Baden-Württemberg), in Middle Franconia (Spalt hops), and in the Elbe-Saale region spanning the federal states of Thuringia, Saxony-Anhalt, and Saxony.

The Agricultural Sciences Teaching Garden features a low-trellis system for hop cultivation.

Bitter hops
Aroma hops
Dwarf hops

Bitter hops

Humulus lupulus

Order: Rosales
Family: Cannabaceae
Genus: Hops

Type	Hops
Variety	Northern Brewer [Canterbury Golding (mother) x OB21 (father)]
Type	Bitter variety, high bitterness value, good storage stability, low aroma
Maturation period	mid-early—late August to early September
Aroma	Floral, earthy, fruity, harmonious, woody, intense, spicy
Bitter compounds	Alpha acid 6.0–10.0% by weight, beta acids 3.0–5.0% by weight, cohumulone 27–32% relative, colupulone 48–53% relative
Polyphenols	Total content 3.0–4.0 wt.% Xanthohumol approx. 0.6% by weight
Aromatic compounds	Total oils 1.0–1.6% ml/100 g hops Myrcene 25–45% relative Linalool 0.3–0.8% relative β-Caryophyllene 10–20% relative Aromatic compounds < 0.2% relative Humulene 35–50% relative Farnesene < 1% relative β-selinene 0.3–0.8% relative α-selinene 0.3–0.8% relative
Suitability	Lager beers
Resistance	Wilt (Verticillium) – very good Downy mildew (Peronospora) – moderate to low Powdery mildew (Erysiphales) – low Spider mites - low Hop aphid – low Hardy
Growth	Climbing, grows up to 700 cm tall, forms runners, deep-rooted Greenish, spike-shaped flowers from April to September Green foliage, deciduous, no fall color
Requirements	Sunny to partially shaded location, moist, nutrient-rich soil

Humulus lupulus

Order: Rosales
Family: Cannabaceae
Genus: Hops

Type	Hops
Variety	Herkules [Hallertauer Taurus (mother) x Hüller Mann (father)]
Type	High-alpha variety, very high bitterness value, good storage stability,
Maturation period	late
Aroma	Fruity with notes of orange and citrus, woody/resinous, spicy, peppery
Bitter compounds	Alpha acid 12.0–17.0 wt.%, beta acids 4.3–4.7 wt.% Cohumulone 32–38% relative Colupulone N/A
Polyphenols	Total content: N/A Xanthohumol N/A
Aromatic compounds	Total oils 1.9–2.2% ml/100 g hops
Suitability	Lager beers, Pilsner
Resistance	Wilt (Verticillium) – good Downy mildew (Peronospora) – low Powdery mildew (Erysiphales) - low Spider mites - low Hop aphid - low Hardy
Growth	Climbing, grows up to 800 cm tall, forms runners, deep-rooted Green foliage, deciduous, no fall color
Requirements	sunny to partially shaded location, moist, nutrient-rich soil

Humulus lupulus

Order: Rosales
Family: Cannabaceae
Genus: Hops

Type	Hops
Variety	Polaris (Hüller breeding stock)
Type	High-alpha variety, very high bitterness value, good storage stability,
Maturation period	late
Aroma	Fruity with notes of pineapple, banana, quince, fresh mint and menthol tones, spicy
Bitter compounds	Alpha acid 14.7–24.4% by weight, beta acids 2.5–6.3% by weight
Polyphenols	N/A
Aromatic compounds	Total oils 3.2–4.4% ml/100 g hops
Suitability	Lager beers, craft beers
Resistance	Wilt (Verticillium) – good Downy mildew (Peronospora) – low Powdery mildew (Erysiphales) – low Spider mites - low Hop aphid - low Hardy
Growth	Climbing, grows up to 800 cm tall, forms runners, deep-rooted Green foliage, deciduous, no fall color
Requirements	sunny to partially shaded location, moist, nutrient-rich soil

Aroma hops

Humulus lupulus

Order: Rosales
Family: Cannabaceae
Genus: Hops

Type	Hops
Variety	Tettnanger
Type	Aroma variety, medium bitterness, medium lager stability, very good aroma
Maturation period	Early
Aroma	floral, fruity, sweet, spicy, citrusy
Bitterness	Alpha acid 2.5–5.5% by weight, beta acids 3.0–5.0% by weight, cohumulone 22–28% relative, colupulone 40–45% relative
Polyphenols	Total content 5.0–6.0% by weight Xanthohumol approx. 0.3–0.4% by weight
Aromatic compounds	Total oils 0.5–0.9% ml/100 g hops Myrcene 20–35% relative Linalool 0.4–0.9% relative β-Caryophyllene 6–11% relative Aromatic compounds < 0.2% relative Humulene 22–32% relative Farnesene 16–24% relative β-selinene 0.5–1.0% relative α-selinene 0.5–1.0% relative
Suitability	Lager beers, Pilsner, Altbier; also suitable for late hopping
Resistance	Wilt (Verticillium) – good Downy mildew (Peronospora) – moderate to low Powdery mildew (Erysiphales) – moderate Spider mites – low Hop aphid – very low Winter hardy
Growth	Climbing, grows up to 700 cm tall, forms runners, deep-rooted Greenish, spike-shaped flowers from April to September Green foliage, deciduous, no fall color
Requirements	Sunny to partially shaded location, moist, nutrient-rich soil

Humulus lupulus

Order: Rosales
Family: Cannabaceae
Genus: Hops

Type	Hops
Variety	Diamant (Spalter x Hüller breeding line)
Type	Aroma variety, medium bitterness, medium storage stability, very good aroma
Maturation period	mid-late to late
Aroma	floral, citrusy, hoppy
Bitterness	Alpha acid 5.0–9.0% by weight, beta acids 5.0–7.0% by weight, cohumulone 16–20% relative, colupulone 40–45% relative
Polyphenols	Total content: N/A Xanthohumol approx. 0.4–0.6% by weight
Aromatic compounds	Total oils: 1.4–2.0% ml/100 g hops
Suitability	Lager beers, Pilsner, light beers
Resistance	Wilt (Verticillium) - good Downy mildew (Peronospora) – good – very good Powdery mildew (Erysiphales) – moderate Spider mites - moderate Hop aphid - good Winter hardy
Growth	Climbing, grows up to 700 cm tall, forms runners, deep-rooted Green foliage, deciduous, no fall color
Requirements	Sunny to partially shaded location, moist, nutrient-rich soil

Humulus lupulus

Order: Rosales
Family: Cannabaceae
Genus: Hops

Type	Hops
Variety	Callista (Hallertauer Tradition x Hüller breeding line)
Type	Aroma variety
Maturation period	mid-late
Aroma	hoppy, fruity, apricot, passion fruit, and red berries
Bitterness	Alpha acids 2.3–5.0% by weight, beta acids 5.3–10.0% by weight
Polyphenols	Total content up to 4.5%
Aromatic compounds	Total oils: 0.5–1.6% ml/100 g hops
Suitability	Lager beers, Pilsner, light beers
Resistance	Wilt (Verticillium) – good Downy mildew (Peronospora) – good Powdery mildew (Erysiphales) – very good Spider mites - moderate Hop aphid - moderate Winter hardy
Growth	Climbing, grows up to 700 cm tall, forms runners, deep-rooted Green foliage, deciduous, no fall color
Requirements	Sunny to partially shaded location, moist, nutrient-rich soil

Humulus lupulus

Order: Rosales
Family: Cannabaceae
Genus: Hops

Type	Hops
Variety	Huell Melon (Cascade x Hüller Mann)
Type	Aroma variety
Maturation period	Late—early to mid-September
Flavor	Fruity and sweet, melon, apricot, strawberry
Bitter compounds	Alpha acid 5.0–8.0% by weight, beta acids 6.0–19.0% by weight
Polyphenols	N/A
Aromatic compounds	Total oils 0.5–0.8% ml/100 g hops
Suitability	Craft beers
Resistance	Wilt (Verticillium) - moderate Downy mildew (Peronospora) – moderate Powdery mildew (Erysiphales) - good Spider mites - moderate Hop aphid - moderate Hardy
Growth	Climbing, grows up to 700 cm tall, forms runners, deep-rooted Green foliage, deciduous, no fall color
Requirements	Sunny to partially shaded location, moist, nutrient-rich soil

Dwarf hops

Humulus lupulus

Order: Rosales
Family: Cannabaceae
Genus: Hops

Type	Hops
Variety	Gimmli
Type	Dwarf aroma variety,
Maturation period	medium to late
Aroma	floral, citrusy, spicy
Bitter compounds	Alpha acid 3.0–4.0% by weight, beta acids 3.0–4.5% by weight,
Polyphenols	N/A
Aromatic compounds	Total oils 1.2–1.4% ml/100 g hops
Suitability	Craft beer
Resistance	Wilt (Verticillium) – very good Downy mildew (Peronospora) – good Powdery mildew (Erysiphales) - very good Hop aphid - good Winter hardiness
Growth	twining, grows up to 400 cm tall,
Requirements	sunny to partially shaded location, moist, nutrient-rich soil

Hops

Bitter hops

Hops Northern Brewer

Humulus lupulus

Hops Herkules

Humulus lupulus

Hops Polaris

Humulus lupulus

Aroma hops

Hops Tettnanger

Humulus lupulus

Hops Diamant

Humulus lupulus

Hops Callista

Humulus lupulus

Hops Huell Melon

Humulus lupulus

Dwarf hops

Hops Gimmli

Humulus lupulus