Rapeseed, sunflower, linseed, camelina and safflower are available for the production of vegetable oils. Rapeseed plays a major role as a domestic oil plant. The press residues from oil production are used as animal feed. The oils are used in the food industry as well as in industrial processing for the production of e.g. colours or environmentally friendly fuels and lubricants. Oil plants are also an aesthetic enrichment for our cultural landscape due to the variety of flowers.
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Order: Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family: Cruciferous plants (Brassicaceae)
Tribus: Brassiceae
Genus: Cabbage (Brassica)
Growth habit:
An annual to predominantly biennial crop plant with a strong taproot and an erect, branched shoot system
In autumn, winter oilseed rape initially develops a large basal leaf rosette with glaucous, wax-coated leaves. Following overwintering, it develops an erect, highly branched flowering stem
Plants commonly reach a height of approximately 100–140 cm at flowering
Leaves:
The leaves are generally bluish-green and glaucous, with a distinct waxy bloom
Lower leaves:
Large and petiolate, often lobed or pinnately divided, and sometimes sparsely hairy
Upper leaves:
Considerably smaller, usually oblong to lanceolate, mostly glabrous, and with a heart-shaped, stem-clasping base. The upper leaves partially clasp the stem
Flowers:
The flowers are four-merous, with four sepals and four bright yellow petals arranged in a cross-shaped pattern, characteristic of the family Brassicaceae
The flowers are borne in racemose inflorescences. A characteristic feature of oilseed rape is that the flower buds extend above the open flowers
Inflorescence:
The inflorescences are elongated racemes that become progressively longer during flowering. Following fertilization, the flowers develop into elongated, slender siliques containing numerous seeds
The siliques are borne on branched infructescences and generally mature progressively from the lower to the upper parts of the plant.
Seeds:
Seeds are small, globose to subglobose, and usually dark brown to black
Order: Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family: Cruciferous plants (Brassicaceae)
Tribus: Brassiceae
Genus: Cabbage (Brassica)
Growth habit:
An annual to predominantly biennial crop plant with a strong taproot and an erect, branched shoot system
In autumn, winter oilseed rape initially develops a large basal leaf rosette with glaucous, wax-coated leaves. Following overwintering, it develops an erect, highly branched flowering stem
Plants commonly reach a height of approximately 100–140 cm at flowering
Leaves:
The leaves are generally bluish-green and glaucous, with a distinct waxy bloom
Lower leaves:
Large and petiolate, often lobed or pinnately divided, and sometimes sparsely hairy
Upper leaves:
Considerably smaller, usually oblong to lanceolate, mostly glabrous, and with a heart-shaped, stem-clasping base. The upper leaves partially clasp the stem
Flowers:
The flowers are four-merous, with four sepals and four bright yellow petals arranged in a cross-shaped pattern, characteristic of the family Brassicaceae
The flowers are borne in racemose inflorescences. A characteristic feature of oilseed rape is that the flower buds extend above the open flowers
Inflorescence:
The inflorescences are elongated racemes that become progressively longer during flowering. Following fertilization, the flowers develop into elongated, slender siliques containing numerous seeds
The siliques are borne on branched infructescences and generally mature progressively from the lower to the upper parts of the plant.
Seeds:
Seeds are small, globose to subglobose, and usually dark brown to black
Order: Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family: Cruciferous plants (Brassicaceae)
Tribus: Brassiceae
Genus: Cabbage (Brassica)
Growth habit:
An annual to predominantly biennial crop plant with a strong taproot and an erect, branched shoot system
In autumn, winter oilseed rape initially develops a large basal leaf rosette with glaucous, wax-coated leaves. Following overwintering, it develops an erect, highly branched flowering stem
Plants commonly reach a height of approximately 100–140 cm at flowering
Leaves:
The leaves are generally bluish-green and glaucous, with a distinct waxy bloom
Lower leaves:
Large and petiolate, often lobed or pinnately divided, and sometimes sparsely hairy
Upper leaves:
Considerably smaller, usually oblong to lanceolate, mostly glabrous, and with a heart-shaped, stem-clasping base. The upper leaves partially clasp the stem
Flowers:
The flowers are four-merous, with four sepals and four bright yellow petals arranged in a cross-shaped pattern, characteristic of the family Brassicaceae
The flowers are borne in racemose inflorescences. A characteristic feature of oilseed rape is that the flower buds extend above the open flowers
Inflorescence:
The inflorescences are elongated racemes that become progressively longer during flowering. Following fertilization, the flowers develop into elongated, slender siliques containing numerous seeds
The siliques are borne on branched infructescences and generally mature progressively from the lower to the upper parts of the plant.
Seeds:
Seeds are small, globose to subglobose, and usually dark brown to black
Order: Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family: Cruciferous plants (Brassicaceae)
Tribus: Brassiceae
Genus: Cabbage (Brassica)
Growth habit:
An annual to predominantly biennial crop plant with a strong taproot and an erect, branched shoot system
In autumn, winter oilseed rape initially develops a large basal leaf rosette with glaucous, wax-coated leaves. Following overwintering, it develops an erect, highly branched flowering stem
Plants commonly reach a height of approximately 100–140 cm at flowering
Leaves:
The leaves are generally bluish-green and glaucous, with a distinct waxy bloom
Lower leaves:
Large and petiolate, often lobed or pinnately divided, and sometimes sparsely hairy
Upper leaves:
Considerably smaller, usually oblong to lanceolate, mostly glabrous, and with a heart-shaped, stem-clasping base. The upper leaves partially clasp the stem
Flowers:
The flowers are four-merous, with four sepals and four bright yellow petals arranged in a cross-shaped pattern, characteristic of the family Brassicaceae
The flowers are borne in racemose inflorescences. A characteristic feature of oilseed rape is that the flower buds extend above the open flowers
Inflorescence:
The inflorescences are elongated racemes that become progressively longer during flowering. Following fertilization, the flowers develop into elongated, slender siliques containing numerous seeds
The siliques are borne on branched infructescences and generally mature progressively from the lower to the upper parts of the plant.
Seeds:
Seeds are small, globose to subglobose, and usually dark brown to black
Order: Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family: Cruciferous plants (Brassicaceae)
Tribus: Brassiceae
Genus: Cabbage (Brassica)
Growth habit:
An annual to predominantly biennial crop plant with a strong taproot and an erect, branched shoot system
In autumn, winter oilseed rape initially develops a large basal leaf rosette with glaucous, wax-coated leaves. Following overwintering, it develops an erect, highly branched flowering stem
Plants commonly reach a height of approximately 100–140 cm at flowering
Leaves:
The leaves are generally bluish-green and glaucous, with a distinct waxy bloom
Lower leaves:
Large and petiolate, often lobed or pinnately divided, and sometimes sparsely hairy
Upper leaves:
Considerably smaller, usually oblong to lanceolate, mostly glabrous, and with a heart-shaped, stem-clasping base. The upper leaves partially clasp the stem
Flowers:
The flowers are four-merous, with four sepals and four bright yellow petals arranged in a cross-shaped pattern, characteristic of the family Brassicaceae
The flowers are borne in racemose inflorescences. A characteristic feature of oilseed rape is that the flower buds extend above the open flowers
Inflorescence:
The inflorescences are elongated racemes that become progressively longer during flowering. Following fertilization, the flowers develop into elongated, slender siliques containing numerous seeds
The siliques are borne on branched infructescences and generally mature progressively from the lower to the upper parts of the plant.
Seeds:
Seeds are small, globose to subglobose, and usually dark brown to black
