Carbohydrate-rich grains: Educational Garden Agricultural Sciences

Carbohydrate-rich grains Winter and summer types

Wheat and barley were already cultivated in Mesopotamia 10,000 years ago. From there they began a triumphal march across all temperate climate zones of the earth. Oats and rye are secondary crops. They were initially "weeds" in the cereals and were only cultivated and selected by chance. Today, cereals play a very important role in human nutrition worldwide. They are a raw material for baked goods and pasta, an important source for animal feed and - last but not least - they provide the raw material for beer production.

Cultivation overview Winter types 2025/2026

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Plant protection
Winter feed barley 2-row	SU Laubella	310	56,6	98,0	179,0	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025	stained with Vibrance Trio 07.10.2025: Herold SC 0,6 l/ha
Winter feed barley 6-row	Winnie	280	53,0	98,0	151,4	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025	not stained 07.10.2025: Herold SC 0,6 l/ha
Winter malting barley 2-row	KWS Donau	340	48,3	98,0	167,6	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025	not stained 07.10.2025: Herold SC 0,6 l/ha
Winter malting barley 6-row	KWS Faro	320	42,3	97,0	139,5	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025	not stained 07.10.2025: Herold SC 0,6 l/ha
Winter Oat	KWS Snowbird	335	38,0	99,0	128,6	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025	not stained
Winter rye (Population)	Dukato	280	43,9	92,0	133,6	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025	stained with Vibrance Trio 07.10.2025: Herold SC 0,6 l/ha
Winter rye (Hybrid)	SU Erling	230	27,6	97,0	65,4	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025	stained with Vibrance Trio 07.10.2025: Herold SC 0,6 l/ha
Winter triticale	Bilboquet	280	37,4	94,0	111,4	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025	not stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha
Winter Hybrid wheat B	SU Hybingo	135	52,0	92,0	76,3	Sowing:15.10.2025 Germination:	stained with Vibrance Trio 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha
Winter wheat (white)	Alabaster	340	43,0	94,1	155,4	Sowing:15.10.2025 Germination:	stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha
Winter wheat B (brewing suitability)	SU Mangold	290	49,3	94,0	152,1	Sowing:15.10.2025 Germination:	stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha
Winter wheat A (awned)	KWS Ultim	320	48,1	100,0	153,9	Sowing:15.10.2025 Germination:	not stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha
Winter spelt	Wintergold	390	49,2	91,0	210,9	Sowing:15.10.2025 Germination:	not stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha
Emmer	Späths Albjuwel	320	55,2	86,4	204,4	Sowing:15.10.2025 Germination:	not stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha
Emmer	Roter Heidfelder	320	46,1	80,8	182,7	Sowing:15.10.2025 Germination:	not stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha
Winter Durum wheat	Zollernfit	275	57,1	99,0	158,6	Sowing:15.10.2025 Germination:	not stained
Einkorn	Monoverde	280	33,8	82,8	114,3	Sowing:15.10.2025 Germination:	not stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha
Einkorn	Monomax	280	28,2	77,4	102,0	Sowing:15.10.2025 Germination:	not stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha

Winter types and varieties

Winter feed barley2-row SU Laubella

Winter feed barley (Hordeum vulgare var. distichon)

Family: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics of barley:

Leaf ears: long, completely enclosing the stem, without cilia

Leaf ligule (Ligula): narrow (1-2 mm), slightly toothed

Infructescence: Spike awned (to 15 cm long), Shapes: two-rowed, multi-rowed, hanging when ripe

Grain: yellow, pointed oval, glumes fused with grain, no whiskers

Tutorial Barley

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Winter feed barley 2-row	SU Laubella	310	56,6	98	179,0	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025		stained with Vibrance Trio 07.10.2025: Herold SC 0,6 l/ha

Winter feed barley 6-row Winnie

Winter feed barley (Hordeum vulgare var. hexastichon)

Family: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics of barley:

Leaf ears: long, completely enclosing the stem, without cilia

Leaf ligule (Ligula): narrow (1-2 mm), slightly toothed

Infructescence: Spike awned (to 15 cm long), Shapes: two-rowed, multi-rowed, hanging when ripe

Grain: yellow, pointed oval, glumes fused with grain, no whiskers

Tutorial Barley

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Winter feed barley 6-row	Winnie	280	53,0	98	151,4	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025		not stained 07.10.2025: Herold SC 0,6 l/ha

Winter malting barley 2-row KWS Donau

Winter malting barley (Hordeum vulgare var. distichon)

Family: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics of barley:

Leaf ears: long, completely enclosing the stem, without cilia

Leaf ligule (Ligula): narrow (1-2 mm), slightly toothed

Infructescence: Spike awned (to 15 cm long), Shapes: two-rowed, multi-rowed, hanging when ripe

Grain: yellow, pointed oval, glumes fused with grain, no whiskers

Tutorial Barley

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Winter malting barley 2-row	KWS Donau	340	48,3	98	167,6	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025		not stained 07.10.2025: Herold SC 0,6 l/ha

Winter malting barley 6-row KWS Faro

Winter malting barley (Hordeum vulgare var. hexastichon)

Family: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics of barley:

Leaf ears: long, completely enclosing the stem, without cilia

Leaf ligule (Ligula): narrow (1-2 mm), slightly toothed

Infructescence: Spike awned (to 15 cm long), Shapes: two-rowed, multi-rowed, hanging when ripe

Grain: yellow, pointed oval, glumes fused with grain, no whiskers

Tutorial barley

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Winter malting barley 6-row	KWS Faro	320	42,3	97	139,5	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025		not stained 07.10.2025: Herold SC 0,6 l/ha

Winter oat KWS Snowbird

Winter oat (Avena sativa)

Family: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics of oat:

Leaf ears: none

Leaf ligule (Ligula): narrow-medium, fringed, toothed

Infructescence: Panicle

Grain: yellow hulled, white hulled or blackhulled, elongated, whiskers on dehusked grain

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Winter oat	KWS Snowbird	335	38,0	99	128,6	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025		not stained

Winter rye Dukato (Population)

Winter rye (Secale cereale)

Family: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics of Rye:

Leaf auricle: short, not enclosing the stem, not ciliated.

Ligule: narrow, hardly visible

Inflorescence: spike with a border, pendulous

Grain: bluish-green, narrow elongated

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Winter rye (Population)	Dukato	280	43,9	92	133,6	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025		stained with Vibrance Trio 07.10.2025: Herold SC 0,6 l/ha

Winter rye SU Erling (Hybrid)

Winter rye (Secale cereale)

Family: True grasses (Poaceae)

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Winter rye (Hybrid)	SU Erling	230	27,6	97	65,4	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025		stained with: Vibrance Trio 07.10.2025: Herold SC 0,6 l/ha

Winter triticale Bilboquet

Winter triticale (Triticosecale)

Family: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics of triticale:

Leaf auricle: short to medium long, unciliated

Ligule: narrow to medium in size, slightly toothed

Infructescence: Spike awned

Grain: pointed oval

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Winter triticale	Bilboquet	280	37,4	94	111,4	Sowing: 02.10.2025 Germination: 14.10.2025		not stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha

Winter wheat SU Hybingo

Winter hybrid wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Familie: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics of wheat:

Leaf auricle: short, not enclosing the stem, ciliated

Ligule: medium size, toothed

Infructescence: Spike not awned and round, exception: awned wheat varieties

Grain: brown-yellow to reddish, oval, medium-length whiskers

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Winter wheat (Hybrid) (B)	SU Hybingo	135	52,0	92	76,3	Sowing: 15.10.2025 Germination:		stained with Vibrance Trio 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha

Winter wheat Alabaster (white)

Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Family: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics of wheat:

Leaf ears: short, not enclosing the stem, ciliate

Leaf ligule (Ligula): medium size, serrated

Infructescence: Spike not awned and round, exception: awnded wheat variety

Grain:

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Winter wheat (white)	Alabaster	340	43,0	94,1	155,4	Sowing: 15.10.2025 Germination:		stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha

Winter wheat SU Mangold

Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Family: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics of wheat:

Leaf auricle: short, not enclosing the stem, ciliate

Ligule: medium size, serrated

Infructescence: Spike awned and round

Grain: brown-yellow to reddish, oval, medium-length whiskers

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Winter wheat (B) (brewing suitability)	SU Mangold	290	49,3	94,0	152,1	Sowing: 15.10.2025 Germination:		stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha

Winter wheat KWS Ultim

Winter malting wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Familie: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics of wheat:

Leaf auricle: short, not enclosing the stem, ciliated

Ligule: medium size, toothed

Infructescence: Spike not awned and round, exception: awned wheat varieties

Grain: brown-yellow to reddish, oval, medium-length whiskers

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Winter wheat (A) awned	KWS Ultim	320	48,1	100	153,9	Sowing: 15.10.2025 Germination:		not stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha

Winter durum wheat Wintergold

Winter durum (Triticum durum)

Familiy: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics Durum wheat:

Leaf auricle: short, not enclosing the stem, ciliated

Ligule: medium sized, toothed

Infructescence: spike with margins, awns up to 20 cm

Grain: glassy, elongated pointed

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Winter durum	Wintergold	390	44,2	91	210,9	Sowing: 15.10.2025 Germination:		not stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha

Emmer Späths Albjuwel (en)

Emmer (Triticum dioccum)

Family: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics of Emmer:

Leaf auricle: large, ciliated

Ligule: medium sized, blunt toothed

Infructescence: Spike awned, drooping

Grain: 2 grains in a glume (vese), brown-yellow, elongated oval, whiskers

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA %	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Emmer	Späths Albjuwel	320	55,2	86,4	204,4	Sowing: 15.10.2025 Germination:		not stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha

Emmer Roter Heidfelder (en)

Emmer (Triticum dioccum)

Family: True grasses (Poaceae)

Type	Variety	Grains/m²	TKG	KFxFA%	Seed rate kg/ha	Measures	Fertilisation	Plant protection
Emmer	Roter Heidfelder	320	46,1	80,8	182,7	Sowing: 15.10.2025 Germination:		not stained 16.10.2025 Malibu 4 l/ha

Spelt Zollernfit

Spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta)

Family: True grasses (Poaceae)

Morphological characteristics of spelt:

Leaf auricles: medium in size (not enclosing culm), partly ciliated

Ligule: short, toothed

Inflorescence: spike without awns, hanging

Grain: 2-3 grains in an enveloping glume (vese), reddish-brown